$ x11vnc
Then connect to host:5901 (usually; uses the first free port above 5900)
===== Display manager with mandatory login is running =====
Obtain its DISPLAY and XAUTHORITY (ps axue | grep [X]AUTH),
# x11vnc -display DISPLAY -auth XAUTHORITY
Then connect and log in.
===== Independent X server =====
Run vncserver from tightvncserver package. A new screen is created.